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  Noncommunicable Diseases: A Global Health Crisis Overview of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) • NCDs, or chronic diseases, are caused by genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioural factors. • Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes are the main types of NCDs. • NCDs disproportionately affect people in low- and middle-income countries, where over three quarters of global NCD deaths occur. People at Risk • NCDs affect people of all age groups, regions, and countries. • 17 million NCD deaths occur before the age of 70, with 86% occurring in low- and middle-income countries. • Children, adults, and the elderly are all vulnerable to risk factors contributing to NCDs. Risk Factors • Modifiable behavioural risk factors include tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and harmful alcohol use. • Metabolic risk factors include raised blood pressure, overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. • Environmental risk factors in...